Longitudinal delivered rotary impact tool



May 19 1953 J. c. sHARMAN 2,638,807

` LONGITUDINAL DELIVERED ROTARY IMPACT Toor.

Filed Dec. e, 195o im AGENTS Patented May 19, 1953 LONGITUDINAL DELIVERED ROTARY I IMPACT TooL AI-John Charles Sharman, Birmingham, England, assigner to `Garringtons Limited, a British Company I ApplicationDecember 6, 1950, Serial No. 199,403 l In Great Britain December 16, 1,949 I :i

l This invention relates to screwdrivers,wrenches and like hand operated tools for operating on screws, bolts, nuts and like threaded members and is intended primarily for application to such hand operated tools for use in loosening or removing such threaded members under circumstances in which they are unduly tight in position so that they cannot `be loosened or removed by ordinary Screwdrivers,` wrenches and the like of conventional form which merely exert a steady torque on the threaded member with which they are engaged. -One particular application of the invention isto the removing of screws, bolts, nuts or 'like threaded members which have been in position for aconsiderable period and have corroded in situ so that their removal by tools of conventional form as aforesaid may be impossible. A further application of the invention is to the securing of screws, bolts, nuts, or like threaded members in a particularly tight manner so that these are retained more securely than is thecase where tools of conventional form are used which exert merely a steady tightening torque on the threaded member.

One of the objects of the' present invention is the provision of anew or improved tool for the `purposes above described which is of a particu- Figure 4 is an inverted plan view of the con` struction depicted in Figure 3 showing the handle member in the inoperativel position; I

Referring rstly to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings the tool which in the`arrangement illustrated is a screwdriver comprises an operating element I includinga screwdriver bit II adapted operably to engage with the threaded Vmember to` be loosened, removed or tightened,

namely a screw of conventional form, the tool further comprising a strikinghead element `I2, the end I3 of which is,4 adapted to be hit by a hammer or other percussion tool. 'Ihe striking head element I2 has `rigidly 3 Claims. (Cl. 81--52.35)

2 associated therewith a cylindrical part I4 formed with a pair of holes I5 extending diametrically therethrough and intersecting with one another on the longitudinal axis of the tool,rthat isto say, on the axis of the screw to be turned.

Integrally connectedto the cylindrical part I3 vis a tubular portion IE formed in opposite sides thereof with a pair of` elongated openings in the form of slots I1,` the two slots being oppositely inclined to the longitudinal axistof the tool and working within thetwo slots `is a pin I8 which extends transversely of the length of the tool, the pin having its opposite `ends disposed each in one of the slots and extending medially `through la diametrical hole in the cylindrical part I9 `01E the operating Aelement `Il).

The tubular portion II` is axially slidable over the exterior of the cylindrical part I9 and by reason of the inclined disposition of the slots I1 the eiect of sliding thetubular portion I6 rela- "tiVe to the operating element Il) Vin this way is to impart torque to the operating element tending to rotate it about the longitudinal axis ofthe tool. I

The innerend of the cylindrical part I9 which is Within the tubular portion I6 is reces-sed at 20 lto receive one end of a compression spring 2|,

the other end of which engages with a spigot 22 lis inserted throughl either pair of the holes I5 so as frictionally to locate the' tommy bar inposi Vtion and restrain `it vfrom moving laterally in relation to the tool. I vThe spring 2| in addition to'serving to locate i the'tommy bar in position in this way serves also as a cushion between the`- operating element II) and the striking' head element lI2 when the latter is `hit with a percussion tooland serves'further` to restore the parts to their initial position.

In operation I the tommy bar 21 is inserted through one of the two pairs of holes I5, -the screwdriver bit I I is engaged with the screw to be loosened, removed or tightened; The tommy bar 21 is now grasped firmly by one hand of the user so as tor prevent thestriking head element I2 from turningabout the longitudinal axis of the tool, the end` I3 thereof is hit sharply by a hammer or other `percussion tool wielded by the other .hand `of the user, thus-causing the striking head element tomove suddenly axially in relation to both during the actual initial loosening of a tight-V screw or in the iinal tightening ofthe same, vwhile during the remaining part of the peratioiiofiemoving the screw or during the initial screwing of the screw into positionthe 'tool may be used as a screwdriver in the usual way by withdraw j ing the tommy bar 21 from the transverse hole I5 of the operative position shown kso that it is detached entirely from the tool which can "then vreadily be grasped in the palm of the iise'rs hand or between the fingers and turned without the tommy bar interfering in any Way with the ordinary turning movement exerted by "the hand ofitheuser. ,Y Y Y In Figures B'and 4 there is depictedanfalternative arrangement'in `which instead of `lproviding an entirely :separate j and completely detachable handle jmember in the form of' `a tommy ybiaigthe handle 'fmeniberv whichgis againdepicted at2'l is hingedly connectedto ythe upper end ofthe tubularportion i6 which is made` of agreater axial 1`ength'than'i's1thecase with the preceding ycon struction, the cylindrical part '14j-of tl'iefpr ececing construction b'eingomitted `so .that the striking head element I2 Aisrnounted ydirectly upon such upper vend'of the tubular" portion H5.V

c In`this arrangement the handle member 2-7 is of part circular form in vcrosssewction'as shown in Figure4'so-that its' inner `face 28 corresponds to the shape of the cylindrical exterior of the tubular, portion I6 iand thefhandle member f2-7 is provided Aat'fone end witha pair 'of zears v29 disposedy on opposite 'sides of -theupper end of the tubular portion I 6*, which vears are pivotally connected to ltrunnions''im which-project diametrically on opposite sides of the upper end of the tubular' portion f I 6, the Varrangernent being ,Such that :the handle member 'can ybe :pivoted-relative tothe" tubularzportion toanoperative position in which it extends*y sivlbstantially perpendicular to thea-x1 otrotati'onofthe tool -as shown in dotted outline iin'jFigui-ef to aninoperative position in Which it extends parallel i to-such axis f in I engagement with :the exterior ofthe tubular :portion f l S asshdwn, inthedrawing. Y l l The-"handle im'ernbervv is :prevented .from moving beyond theop'eratiye 'positionindicated, -by the abutment of theipartf3I thereon against the adjacent L'side 32. of the tubuiarpol'tion.

The outer end of the handle -memberisf provided witht-a pair offears 3 3 the-outery end-edges :3 4 of lwhich areL each adapted-whenthehandle is in the finoperative'gpOSition illustrated `to engage with thef-y ends -of ithevvpin I8 which in this vconstruction as shown -infFigure 4ly project beyond .the adjacent peripheryy of the Atubular portion It so that VKwh'enf-the handle isinfthe inoperative position andthe-:tool is Aused-as afscrewdriver'uin'the ordinary waypas already described, the engagementY between'fthe fears f33-fon the handle fand the opposite 'endsxof' the pinjl retain -the latter at the lend of theltwo .Y slots v| .I in the position illus-A trated `sotljiata-ll relative turning movement between the tubulap portionnl and the screwdriver bitl .I ,isfnitentre-1agd a: positive torque is, applied'j atallfti'mes under these conditions'fromthe tubular portion |6vto the screwdriver bit H.

With either of the above described construc-v tions, in practice two tools would be provided with the slots l1 inclined in one direction in one tool and in the other direction in the other tool so as in the one case to impart rotational torque to thescrew driver. i i j A tool ihr accordance lwith the "present invention is intended solely for manual operation and aisparticularly convenient for that purpose in that one hand of the operator When grasping the "hand-1e ir'einbe'r 4@27 can readily hold the striking -head element against rotation, leaving the other rhand Vof the operator perfectly free to wield the hammer or other percussion tool.

With eitherof fthe constructions illustrated the operating element l0 may be adapted for en- Agageinent 'withotherforms of threaded members -`and `may,`f`or -example, have its bit Il replaced byafsp'anher or wrench part for engaging with a nut or bolt head. Further if desired with either illustrated construction, the -tubular rportion IE may be rigidly connected to lthe operating element Hl and the pinl --may be rigidly connected to thestriking head Velement I2. l

f Vith either of rthe constructions illustratedfthe operating element may be adapted for use'for engagement with threaded members other than conventional slotted screws.

W'h'at I claim then is: i

l, 'A l:naa'nuall'y operable tool .for the 'purpose described comprising'la tubular body open at one end, a tool carrying velement slidable within Athe openend of said body axially thereof and adapted operbly to engage'with the work, saidbodyhaving closed ended 1- slots in opposite sides of its tubular Wall, said slots being oppositely inclined to an equal extent'tothe longitudinal :axis of said tubular body, projections on the opposite sides-of sai'dtol carrying element ,working one within each slot andexten'ding" therethrough beyond theperip'hery of theadjacent. part of the tubular body,an abutment rigid with said body within the'interiorthereof spaced axially of said tool carrying elemenhga compression spring acting between said abutment and .said toolzcarryi-ng element :adapted tov displace the latter towards the open end of said body tothe extent permitted bythe engagement between the rv.projections and the-slct ends, said tubular ybody'having a striking head'on the end thereof `remote fromthe tool carryingfelement, ahandle hinged v to said tubular body about an axis transverse tothe bodyaxis at aposition adjacent the striking Ahead and adapted to pivot relative' to the'bodybetween Aan operative position in whichrit extends substantially'at right'angles rto thebody axis to `an'inoperative` position iii-which it extends along the length `of the tubular body adjacent its exterior, and said handle in-its inoperative `rposition engaging saidy projections and retaining them against movement in a directionalong-the.length "2. A'manually operable tcolier the purpose described comprising a tubular bodyopenat one end, a tool-carrying'eiement slidablevwithin the open'lend of saidbody axially thereof and adapted` operably `tf1-engage with the work, lsaid body havingrclosedended slots -in oppositetsides of lits tubular wall, sa-idr slots -being oppositely inclined andto anceqvualextenttoy the longitudinal axis fof said tubular body, projections on the opposite sides of said tool carrying element workingone within eachl slotgan'd extending therethrough beyond the I'Jeripheryv ofthe adjacent part of the tubular body,.an yabi'ltrnent rigid with said body within the interior thereof spaced axially of said tool carrying element, a compression spring acting between said abutment and said tool carrying element adapted to displace the latter towards the open end of said body to the extent permitted by the engagement between the `projections and the slot ends, said tubular body having a striking head on the end thereof remote from the tool carrying element, a handle hinged to said tubular body about an axis transverse to the body axis at a position adjacent the striking head and adapted to pivot relative to the body between an operative position in which it extends substantially at right angles to the body axis to an inoperative position in which it extends along the length of the tubular body adjacent its exterior, and said handle in its inoperative position engaging said projections on the side thereof opposite to the ends of the slots which are nearest to the tool carrying element and in such position retaining the projections in engagement with such slot ends, for the purpose specified.

3. A tool according to claim 2 wherein the tubular body is of cylindrical form externally, the handle being of part circular form in cross sec tion so as in its inoperative position to embrace the exterior of thebody and being provided at its free end with ears each engaging with one of said two projections.

JOHN CHARLES SHARMAN.

References Cited in the le of this patent 

